In the years following the Gold Rush, the grain fields of Napa Valley were giving way to vineyards, and wine was being made – not the wine that was to make Napa Valley famous – but wines still made in the primitive manner of the Spanish missionaries, trod out by foot for home consumption. The man who introduced modern winemaking into Napa Valley was Charles Krug (1825-1892), a young teacher and free-thinker from Prussia who arrived in San Francisco in 1852 to be the editor of Staats Zeitung, the first German-language newspaper on the west coast. Impressed by California’s agricultural expansion, Krug soon left his editorial desk to pursue a career in farming, and the new field of winegrowing. He met Agoston Haraszthy and followed him to Sonoma where he bought land, planted a vineyard, and learned to make wine.

Chiles Valley is a narrow, remote little valley of 6,000 acres nestled in the Vaca Mountains above the northeast side of Napa Valley, a rugged fifteen miles east of St Helena or Rutherford. Col. Joseph Ballinger Chiles (1810–1885), the enterprising trail-blazer from Kentucky, gave the valley his name. He was granted the 8500-acre Catacula Rancho in 1844 and built his home ten years later. While primarily a cattleman, by 1860 he had “planted a small vineyard, made a little wine, and had 280 gallons of wine on hand” [Peninou, Directory…1860, the earliest record available.] Col. Chiles also built here the first grist mill in Northern California and brought in the first Missouri mules, among other pioneering endeavors.

Santa Clara County is one of the original counties of California formed at the time of statehood in 1850. Located at the southern end of San Francisco Bay, stretching west to the Santa Cruz Mountains and easterly past San Jose to Alameda County, its southern boundary is near Gilroy — almost 840,000 acres perfect for wine growing. Between 1856 and 1887 the county’s grape acreage grew from 220 acres to nearly ten thousand. The early settlers bought land and created a modern eden of orchards, nurseries, ranches and vineyards in all sections of the fertile valley. By the mid-1880s the Santa Clara Valley was one of the leaders in the state’s production of high-quality table wines. Several revered wine figures were instrumental in the industry’s founding — Delmas, Lefranc, Masson, Stanford, Mirassou, Pellier. Yet the earliest vineyard keepers in this magnificent land were the padres at Mission Santa Clara de Asis founded January 1777, number eight in the Franciscan chain of twenty-one Alta California Missions.

My long search for the story of this treasured postcard has remained elusive and inconclusive. Sadly, the sender of this very rare and unusual wine exhibit postcard did not comment on the beautiful, elaborately decorated scene: a Chinese gentleman tending a well-set table display of Cresta Blanca wines in San Francisco’s prestigious Fairmont Hotel. My research noted several California wine promotion “exhibits” held at different City venues during the years 1910 to 1913 reported in the PW&SR, but no Cresta Blanca at the Fairmont. With the postcard being stamped with the “1915 P.P.I.E.” advertising cancel, it suggests the eye-catching exhibit was installed in the Fairmont Hotel as a pre-Exposition promotion, to perhaps even remain for the duration of the Fair? Here are my thoughts.

Andre Tchelistcheff considered Louis M. Martini — along with Herman Wente of Livermore Valley fame, and Laurence Marshall, pioneer in bringing winegrowing to Lodi — one of the three “apostles of the modern California wine industry.” Martini was a founder of the Wine Institute in 1934, who ten years later spearheaded the Napa Valley Vintners Assn. to be hailed as “the grand old man of Napa Valley wines.” His was the first winery to install mechanical refrigeration for white wine fermentation, introduce vintage labeling and emphasize varietal winemaking. The Martini brand and its full-line palette of wines equated with excellent value, and Louis Martini Winery became one of the most famous and beloved wineries in Napa Valley.

One of California Wine Country’s most popular Pre-Prohibition promotional postcard images ever used was actually, a fakery. Almost fifty years ago, when my collecting of California wine postcards began, one of the first cards I found was a hand-colored California generic featuring the image of an unidentified mustachioed vineyard master harvesting giant clusters of grapes from a single vine.

From early on, California wineries have welcomed visitors to come and sample their wines, tour the cellars, and learn about wine, its culture, and how it is made. And perhaps buy a jug or a bottle or two to take home. Postcards showing an interior view of a winery cellar or tasting room are more rare and we acknowledge them for recording this chapter of wine country history. On our tour we will visit several historic winery tasting rooms — variously called the sample room, tasting hall, tasting bar, visitor center, reception room, or tasting lounge.

Ambitious, and determined from an early age to establish a career in the California wine trade, young Hanoverian Theodore Gier (1860-1931) sailed in 1881 from his native Germany to America. Two years later he was settled in Oakland, across the Bay from San Francisco, to become one of the most successful, and powerful, wine men in pre-Prohibition California. Gier, “of slight frame and of uncommon nervous tension” was a public-spirited and progressive citizen, a recognized business leader whose ownership interests included a bar and saloon, bank founder, real estate developer, resort owner, and city philanthropist. His huge Oakland-based wine and liquor operations, wholesale & retail, counted five locations in Oakland, along with numerous vineyards and wineries in Napa County and the Livermore Valley. In 1910 Gier incorporated as the Theodore Gier Vineyard & Wine Co., with a capitalization of two million dollars. In a few years, the company had annual sales of just over three hundred thousand gallons of wine.